Karya Ilmiah
DISERTASI (333) - Perlindungan Ekspresi Budaya Tradisional Untuk Mewujudkan Keadilan Bagi Masyarakat Tradisional Indonesia
Indonesia is a country abundant in cultural diversity. There were
appropriation by other countries, among others, Enigmatic Discovery Channel in
Malaysia, the I La Galigo stage performance in Singapore, the sale of Istiqlal
Mus’haf by Malaysia to the Middle East, etc. This dissertation is a legal research
employed comparative, statute, and conceptual approaches with several
significant findings.
First, the philosophy of TCEs as a collective intellectual property is
inseparable from the philosophy of IPR from G.W.F. Hegel’s personality theory
that has a profound impact on the civil law tradition (statutory state), including
Indonesia. The protection of TCEs focuses on the human intellect (either
individual or groups), which possessing traditional value, and in efforts to adjust
to natural changes. TCEs are subjective collective property rights (an antithesis to
the individual property right of IPR), with the specificity of Pancasila (social
function, gotong royong, and Bhinneka Tunggal Ika).
Second, the legal principle of TCEs protection within both the international
and national legal instruments in the field of IP rights focuses on the concept of
legal protection, whereas that of non-IP rights focuses on the concept of
preservation. The national legal instruments that Author Right Law No. 28/2014,
Cultural Advancement Law No. 5/2007 and Cultural Heritage Law No. 11/2010
are in adequate.
Third, the best model for the regulation and implementation of TCEs
protection adopts positive and defensive protection instruments, by taking lessons
from Australia, New Zealand, and Panama. There is a need to specifically
formulate an articulation of legal substance in specific TCE’s Law which
accommodates prior informed consent and fair benefit sharing, etc. It is also
essential to make synergic and simultaneous improvements on legal structure of
the legal enforcement officer and legal culture of wide community.
Keywords: legal protection, cultural expression, traditional, community
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